Begin with an account that someone can explain
Ask for a current inventory of users, service processes, and devices accessing the relevant environment. Each item should have an approved purpose or accountable owner. Look for departed employees, shared accounts that obscure responsibility, forgotten integrations, and devices outside the intended operating model. Investigate the findings before deciding what they mean for a requirement.
Identification tells you which user, process, or device is involved. Authentication verifies that identity before access. Authorization determines what it can do. These ideas reinforce one another but are not interchangeable. A known account can authenticate successfully and still have permissions it should not possess.
Compare two ordinary work roles
Use safe test data to walk through a standard user's normal functions and an administrative user's additional capabilities. Ask whether those capabilities match the approved role. Avoid changing production permissions merely to create a demonstration. Any corrective change should follow the company's normal review and change process.
Capture an internal record of the scope, date, configuration checked, and exception handling. A policy stating “least privilege” is not a substitute for understanding the actual permissions. Conversely, a single screenshot of one account does not explain the approval and removal process for the rest of the environment.
Bring external connections into the discussion
List approved remote support tools, file-sharing destinations, integrations, and externally connected devices. Ask who approves them and how unapproved use is limited. Include routine workarounds people use when the main system is inconvenient, because those routes can carry the same information as the approved one.
A useful illustrative test is to trace an employee's method for sending a large project file. Is the destination approved, is access limited, and can the responsible person explain the rule? The answer should be based on the real configuration and workflow, not only the brand name of the service.
Add a public-release checkpoint
Publicly accessible systems need their own content control process. Identify who can upload material, who reviews it, and what happens when someone discovers that information was published incorrectly. Keep a record of approval appropriate to the business. A website editor should know how to route an uncertain contract-related file before publication.
The FAR requirements are technology-neutral. Stronger authentication and other measures may be useful or required by another obligation, but this article should not be read as declaring a particular product or setting universally sufficient. Use the official objectives, the actual contract, and an informed review of the environment to determine what needs to be implemented and demonstrated.